Medical for Us
Just sharing :D
Wednesday, July 29, 2020
Cutaneous Larva Migrans
Tuesday, July 28, 2020
Beauty Corner : Tips to Minimize Large Pore ?
What causes enlarged pores?
- Increased sebum production
- Hair follicle size
- Use of comedogenic products
- Loss of skin elasticity with age
- Sun damage.
Acne is associated with enlarged pores for example open comedones (blackheads) can be seen within a pore. Inflammatory acne may cause enlarged pores through weakening sebaceous gland and hair follicle openings, making them more prone to blockage.
What Should I Do to Make My Pores "Shrink"?
Use only non-comedogenic skin care products and makeup
It means the product won’t clog your pores and oil free. When pores clog, they expand, which can make your pores look more noticeable.
Cleanse your face twice a day
Cleansing twice daily can unclog pores, prevent clogged pores, and reduce oiliness. When cleansing your face, you’ll want to:
Use warm water.
Gently wash your face.
Find a gentle, non-comedogenic cleanser.
Use retinol
Using a skin care product with retinol or retinyl palmitate may help. For best results, apply the product before going to bed.
Some people find that this type of skin care product irritates their skin. You can prevent this by washing your face and then waiting 30 minutes to apply the product.
If you’re pregnant or breastfeeding, you shouldn’t use a product containing retinol or retinyl palmitate.
Treat acne
Acne clogs your pores, which can make your pores more noticeable.
Using a cleanser with salicylic acid may help. Studies show salicylic acid can unclog pores. Some cleansers containing salicylic acid are gentle enough to use every day.
If the salicylic acid dries or irritates your skin, try alternating cleansers. Use a mild, non-comedogenic cleanser when you wake up and the salicylic acid cleanser before bed.
Do you want to know how to treat acne? Read more : Treat Acne
Protect your face with sunscreen every day
The more sun damaged your skin, the less firmness it has. When skin starts to lose its firmness, pores look more noticeable.
Applying a broad-spectrum, water resistant sunscreen with an SPF 30 or higher helps prevent sun-damaged skin. To protect your skin, apply sunscreen every day, even when it’s raining or cold outside. Every time the sun’s rays hit our skin, they can damage our skin. This damage builds up over time.
Exfoliate
Exfoliating may make pores less noticeable.
If exfoliating your skin makes you uncomfortable or you aren’t sure this is right for you, You can consult your dematologist.
Be gentle with your skin
Scrubbing your face won’t make it any cleaner, but scrubbing can irritate your skin, which can make your pores look larger.
Picking at, squeezing, or digging into your pores can also irritate your skin, making pores look more noticeable.
Treat sagging skin
As we age, our skin loses its firmness and starts to sag. Pores look larger when skin sags.
Reference :
https://www.healthline.com/health/open-pores
https://www.aad.org/public/everyday-care/skin-care-secrets/face/treat-large-pores
Monday, July 27, 2020
Hair Loss : Types, Cause, Prevention, Treatment
Types of Hair Loss
There are several categories of hair loss, including:
- Telogen effluvium — This common form of hair loss happens two to three months after a major body stress, such as a prolonged illness, major surgery or serious infection. It also can happen after a sudden change in hormone levels, especially in women after childbirth. Moderate amounts of hair fall out from all parts of the scalp, and may be noticed on a pillow, in the tub or on a hairbrush. While hair on some parts of the scalp may appear thinner, it is rare to see large bald spots.
- Drug side effects — Hair loss can be a side effect of certain medications, including lithium, beta-blockers, warfarin, heparin, amphetamines and levodopa. In addition, many medications used in cancer chemotherapy — such as doxorubicin (Adriamycin) — commonly cause sudden hair loss affecting the entire head.
- Symptom of a medical illness — Hair loss can be one of the symptoms of a medical illness, such as systemic lupus erythematosus (lupus), syphilis, a thyroid disorder (e.g. hypothyroidism or hyperthyroidism), a sex-hormone imbalance or a serious nutritional problem, especially a deficiency of protein, iron, zinc or biotin. T
- Tinea capitis (fungal infection of the scalp) — This form of patchy hair loss happens when certain types of fungi infect the scalp. This causes the hair to break off at the scalp surface and the scalp to flake or become scaly.
- Alopecia areata — This is an autoimmune disease that causes hair to fall out in one or more small patches. The cause of this condition is unknown, although it is more common in people who have other autoimmune diseases. Total loss of hair from the scalp with the same process, it is known as alopecia totalis.
- Traumatic alopecia — This form of hair loss is caused by hairdressing techniques that pull the hair (tight braiding or cornrowing), expose hair to extreme heat and twisting (curling iron or hot rollers) or damage the hair with strong chemicals (bleaching, hair coloring, permanent waves). It can also happen in some people who have an uncommon psychiatric disorder (trichotillomania) in which compulsive hair pulling and twisting can cause bald spots.
- Hereditary pattern baldness, or androgenetic alopecia — In men, hair loss may follow the typical male pattern (receding front hairline and/or thinning hair at the top of the head). This is the most common type of hair loss, and it can begin at any time in a man's life, even during his teen years. It usually is caused by the interaction of three factors: an inherited tendency toward baldness, male hormones and increasing age. Many women will develop some degree of female-pattern baldness. In women, thinning occurs over the entire top or crown of the scalp, sparing the front of the scalp.
Difference male vs female pattern hair loss
- In telogen effluvium, hair usually is lost over several weeks to months, but then grows back over the next several months.
- If hair loss caused by side effect of a medication, hair growth usually returns to normal once the drug is stopped.
- When the cause is abusive hairdressing, the hair loss usually stops after you change to more natural styling, except in traction alopecia, which results from years of pulling the hair back in tight braids.
- In tinea scalp infection, the fungus must be treated for at least 6 to 12 weeks and hair regrowth may be slow.
Can we prevent hair loss ?
Some forms of hair loss can be prevented by
- minimizing stress
- eating a healthy diet
- using sensible hairdressing techniques,
- if possible, switching to medications that do not cause hair loss.
- keeping hair clean and by never sharing hats, combs or brushes with other people ( fungal infection)
- For hereditary-pattern baldness can sometimes be prevented by medication.
Treatment
Call your doctor whenever you are concerned about hair loss, especially if you are having other unexplained symptoms. Your doctor will identify the cause and give the spesific treatment to treat hair loss.
Hair loss resulting from telogen effluvium or drug side effects usually requires no treatment other than discontinuing the medication that is causing the problem.
Limiting trauma or chemical exposure (such as use of a blow dryer, hair straightener, coloring or perms) may limit or stop hair loss.
Hair loss from poor nutrition or medical illness usually stops with the adoption of a healthy diet and treatment of the underlying medical condition.
Treatment of fungal scalp infection requires 6 to 12 weeks of oral medication, such as terbinafine or itraconazole, with or without shampoos containing selenium sulfide or ketoconazole.
Alopecia areata can be treated with a corticosteroid that is injected or applied to the skin. Other treatments for this condition include anthralin cream, minoxidil or a combination of these therapies.
Many men and women with hereditary-pattern baldness do not seek treatment for hair loss. For those who do seek medical treatment, initial therapy is usually topical minoxidil . Men can also be treated with oral finasteride or dutasteride or they can choose hair transplants or scalp-reduction surgery.
Premenopausal women may be treated with estrogen or spironolactone while finasteride may be recommended for postmenopausal women.
Reference :
Sunday, July 26, 2020
Why I can Have Migraine ?
Type of Aura
- migraine with aura – where there are specific warning signs just before the migraine begins, such as seeing flashing lights
- migraine without aura – the most common type, where the migraine happens without the specific warning signs
- migraine aura without headache, also known as silent migraine – where an aura or other migraine symptoms are experienced, but a headache does not develop
Examples of migraine aura include:
- Visual phenomena, such as seeing various shapes, bright spots or flashes of light
- Vision loss
- Pins and needles sensations in an arm or leg
- Weakness or numbness in the face or one side of the body
- Difficulty speaking
- Hearing noises or music
- Uncontrollable jerking or other movements
A migraine usually lasts from four to 72 hours if untreated. How often migraines occur varies from person to person. Migraines might occur rarely or strike several times a month.
During a migraine, you might have:
- Pain usually on one side of your head, but often on both sides
- Pain that throbs or pulses
- Sensitivity to light, sound, and sometimes smell and touch
- Nausea and vomiting
Causes of Migrain
Hormonal changes in women. Fluctuations in estrogen, such as before or during menstrual periods, pregnancy and menopause and hormonal medications, such as oral contraceptives and hormone replacement therapy, also can trigger and worsen migraines. Some women, however, find their migraines occurring less often when taking these medications.
- Drinks include alcohol, especially wine, and too much caffeine, such as coffee.
- Stress.
- Sensory stimuli. Bright lights and sun glare can induce migraines, as can loud sounds. Strong smells — including perfume, paint thinner, secondhand smoke and others — trigger migraines in some people.
- Sleep changes. Missing sleep, getting too much sleep or jet lag can trigger migraines in some people.
- Physical factors. Intense physical exertion, including sexual activity, might provoke migraines.
- Weather changes. A change of weather or barometric pressure can prompt a migraine.
- Medications. Oral contraceptives and vasodilators, such as nitroglycerin, can aggravate migraines.
- Foods. Aged cheeses and salty and processed foods might trigger migraines. So might skipping meals or fasting.
- Food additives. These include the sweetener aspartame and the preservative monosodium glutamate (MSG), found in many foods.
Preventing migraines
First of all, avoid specific factors that may trigger your migraine. So, it's important to identify the trigger by yourself. Then, maintain healthy lifestyle, including regular exercise, sleep and meals, as well as ensuring you stay well hydrated and limiting your intake of caffeine and alcohol.
If your migraines are severe or you have tried avoiding possible triggers and are still experiencing symptoms, a GP may prescribe medicines to help prevent further attacks.
Reference :
https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/migraine-headache/symptoms-causes/syc-20360201
https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/migraine/
https://www.webmd.com/migraines-headaches/migraines-headaches-migraines
Treatment of Acna Vulgaris Part I
Saturday, July 25, 2020
Acne Vulgaris
- Alteration of follicular keratinization that leads to comedones
- Increased and altered sebum production under androgen control (androgens stimulate sebum production via androgen receptors on the sebaceous glands).
- Follicular colonization by Propionibacterium acnes
- Complex inflammatory responses
- Family history of severe acne
- Diet (chocolate and dairy consumption)
- Environmental factors (smoking, occlusive cosmetics, occupational exposures)
- Hormone-based therapies such as oral contraceptive and anti-androgen medications in women with normal androgen levels
Beauty Corner : The Truth about Vitamin C
What is Vitamin C?
How actually Vitamin C Works ?
- Vit C as Antioxidant
- Vit C as Photoprotector
- Vitamin C and Synthesis Collagen
- Vitamin C as a Depigmenting Agent
- Anti-Inflammatory Action of Vitamin C